Avocado farming is cultivated to obtain particular types of fruits. Its fruit is more beneficial for health. This is an exotic fruit trend being seen more and more in India these days. It is a more nutritious fruit, in which potassium is found more than banana. But for the last few years, in India too, this fruit has been used to make different types of dishes.
Moreover, for avocado farming tractors are used efficiently for many purposes. Similarly, the Swaraj 717 tractor model is best for farming operations. And comes at an affordable price.
Avocado Cultivation
Avocado is cultivated in minimal quantities in India. It is grown commercially in the southern region of India. Only one state in North India where the Avocados crop is being grown successfully. Avocado is cultivated at an altitude of about 800 to 1600 metres in the Sikkim state of eastern Himachal.
Suitable Climate
Avocado is a plant native to the South American subcontinent, and its plants require a tropical climate. Its yield is suitable in areas with a temperature of 20 to 30 degrees, where moisture is found up to 60 per cent. Its plants easily tolerate temperatures up to 5 degrees in the cold, but if the temperature is less than 5 degrees, the plant starts to deteriorate. Apart from this, when the temperature is more than 40 degrees, the fruits and flowers wither and fall because they are mainly grown in Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
Land Requirement
Red soil is present in most parts of India, and red mud is not considered suitable for production. Because there is no stagnation of water in red earth, the soil is less lubricated. On the other hand, laterite soils are rich in loamy, which laterite soils are suitable for avocado cultivation.
Its plants require 50-60 per cent moisture, which can be cultivated from the western coast of Haryana, Punjab and North-Eastern states and South India to the eastern region. Avocado requires 100 mm of rainfall per year for sound production and the P.H. of the land. The value should be up to 5-6.
Soil preparation
Avocado seeds are prepared from seedlings and transplanted. The seeds are ready by storing them at a 5-degree temperature or dry peat. The seeds taken from its fruits are used for sowing directly on polythene bags or nursery beds. After growing the seeds in the nursery for 6 months, they are taken out for planting in the field.
First of all, weeds are removed by deep ploughing of the field. After this, by applying water to the area, the field’s soil becomes moist. Then, using a rotavator on the wetland makes the ground friable. After levelling the friable soil by dropping it, for planting seedlings in the field. Apart from this, the plants are planted at a distance of 8 to 10 metres.
Irrigation
Avocado fruits need moisture. Therefore, the first irrigation of the field is done immediately after transplanting. After this, the plants must be watered for 3 to 4 weeks in dry and hot climates. Moisture is used to prevent moisture loss during the winter season. Water the plants only when needed during the rainy season, and remove the water from the field when it is waterlogged. Therefore, use drip methods in crop irrigation.
Weed Control
To protect the avocado crop from weeds, weeding is done. Apart from this, they chemically destroy the weeds when the plants are small. For this, herbicides are used. Also, for handling implements Swaraj 744 tractor model is used as it is an affordable model for farmers.
Diseases and Treatments
Common pests attack the avocado crop like scales, mealybugs and mites. For whose protection suitable insecticide is sprayed. Leaf spot, root rot, and fruit spot disease attack the crop in an avocado field. It is mixed in the soil before transplanting to prevent root rot disease. Apart from this, conditions are controlled by using medicines related to conditions by contacting the Department of Agriculture or Horticulture.
Harvesting Method
The fruit of avocado is ready for harvesting after 5 to 6 years of transplanting. During this, you get two types of fruits from the avocado field, which are green and purple. In this, the colour of the violet variety of fruits changes from purple to maroon, and green-colored fruits change from green to yellow. The seed of a fully ripened avocado fruit turns yellowish-white to dark brown. Its fruits are soft even after harvesting, which takes 5 to 10 days to mature.
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